As indoor air quality problems have increased in the recent past, air purifiers have become an overnight sensation to provide fresher and healthier air inside. However, the question is, how do they work? Let us get into air purification science, filter types, and what they can do.
Understanding Air Purifiers
An air purifier is a device that cleans the air by eliminating impurities, i.e., dust, allergens, smoke, and bacteria. It accomplishes this by drawing in air, cleaning or filtering it, and releasing clean air into the room.
Types of Air Purifier Filters & Technologies
1. HEPA Filters
How it works: High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filters trap 99.97% of particles that are microscopic, i.e., dust, pollen, and pet dander.
Best for: Allergy patients and pet-owning households.
2. Activated Carbon Filters
How it works: Activated carbon filters trap odors, smoke, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with a porous carbon surface.
Best for: Removing pet odors, smoke, and chemical pollutants.
3. UV-C Light Purifiers
How it works: Ultraviolet (UV-C) light kills bacteria, viruses, and mold by breaking their DNA.
Best for: Removing airborne germs and infections.
4. Ionizers (Negative Ion Generators)
How it works: The purifiers release negatively charged ions, which stick to suspended impurities, becoming heavy and falling to the ground.
Best for: Minimizing dust and pollutants but can create ozone as a side effect.
5. Ozone Generators
How it works: Ozone gas eliminates pollutants to eliminate odor and bacteria. High concentrations of ozone are, however, toxic.
Best for: Use in industries (not for home use as it is harmful to health).
Benefits of Owning an Air Purifier
- Enhances indoor air quality: Eliminates pollutants and airborne allergens.
- Eliminates odors: Removes pet, smoke, and cooking odors.
- Lessens respiratory problems: Makes breathing easier for individuals with allergies or asthma.
- Eliminates harmful chemicals: Filters out VOCs from paints and cleaning products.
- Prevents airborne disease: Removes viruses and bacteria from the air.
Guidelines for Purchasing the Best Air Purifier
- Consider room size: Ensure that the coverage area of the purifier is large enough for your room.
- See if they possess HEPA filters: The best for filtering allergens.
- See if they are silent: Some are more silent than others.
- Look at the cost of replacing the filter: Some require replacement often.
- Avoid ozone-generating models: Ozone generators and ionizers are not for all homes.
Indoor air cleaners can readily improve indoor air quality by removing toxic contaminants, allergens, and bacteria. Depending on your requirement, the cleaner you require is for allergies, odors, or air cleanliness. A good air cleaner can make your home a healthier place to live for you and your family.